基于库存控制的全渠道零售商线上下单线下取货退货策略研究

doi:10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2023.0774

Abstract

Abstract:

With the rapid development of e-commerce， retailers are continuously broadening their distribution channels and evolving their retail models towards omni-channel retail. Among the various omni-channel strategies， the buy-online-and-pickup-or-return-in-store （BOPRS） approach is the most commonly utilized. The BOPRS strategy facilitates information disclosure， consumers enabling to experience and check if the products fit their needs， thus allowing them to access real-time inventory information at offline stores.

Considering the information disclosure role of BOPRS， consumers’ channel-switching behaviors and their effects on retailers’ offline inventory under the BOPRS strategy are examined. The main research question concerns the condition under which the retailer can benefit from implementing BOPRS strategy. To address these questions， newsvendor models with and without the BOPRS strategy are developed， consumers’ channel selection behaviors are analyzed， the effects of the BOPRS strategy on the retailer’ offline inventory level and profit are studied， and the conditions are identified under which retailers should implement the BOPRS strategy.

The results show that the BOPRS strategy has altered the optimal inventory levels and product availability for offline stores. Only when the product matching rate is high and the hassle cost of online shopping is low will the optimal inventory of offline stores remain unchanged. Otherwise， the optimal inventory of offline stores will increase. Additionally， when the marginal profit of retailers selling products through offline stores is higher than that of online channels， the optimal inventory of offline stores will increase with the matching rate， and the level of product availability will always increase.

Contrary to our instinct， implementing the BOPRS strategy by retailers is not always beneficial. When the matching rate of the product is high and the hassle cost of online shopping is not too high， it is advantageous for retailers to implement the BOPRS strategy. Moreover， the retailer can also make more profits by choosing products with a higher matching rate （or lower hassle cost of online shopping） to implement the BOPRS strategy.

Key words: omni-channel, buy-online-and-pickup-or-return-in-store, newsvendor model, rational expectations equilibrium

CLC Number:

O227

Ju Zhao,Ye Yuan,Zonghong Cao, et al. Omni-channel Policies for a Retailer with Buy-online-and-pickup-or-return-in-store Based on Inventory Control[J]. Chinese Journal of Management Science, 2025, 33(12): 349-359.

Figures/Tables 5

符号	含义
$p$	商品价格
$D$	市场需求
$q$	线下门店的库存量
$v$	消费者对产品的估值
$λ$	表示产品匹配率（ $0 < λ < 1$ ）
$h o$	消费者线上购物麻烦成本
$h r$	消费者线上退货成本
$h s$	消费者线下购物麻烦成本
$h b$	消费者通过BOPRS渠道购物的麻烦成本
$θ ̂$	线下获得商品的预期概率
$α ̂ s$	线下购物消费者比例
$α ̂ o$	线上购物消费者比例
$c$	单位商品订单履行成本
$r$	线上渠道单位退货处理成本
$w$	线上购买商品的边际利润

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Omni-channel Policies for a Retailer with Buy-online-and-pickup-or-return-in-store Based on Inventory Control

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