随着城市生活垃圾量的急剧增加，分类收运正逐渐成为垃圾分类政策有效实施的关键。本文针对分类垃圾收运的时效性、收运车辆的多舱性等特征，以总成本最小为目标，构建了多周期多车舱垃圾分类收运车辆路径优化模型。根据问题特性，提出了一种基于两阶段的改进自适应大邻域搜索算法。其中，设计了周期相似算子以调整垃圾收运周期，联合收运插入算子以优化周期内多舱车收运路径。最后，通过不同规模算例和实际案例进行对比分析，验证了模型和算法的有效性及高效性。

With the acceleration of urbanization and the enhancement of material living standards， abundant human activities have generated massive urban domestic waste， which has brought severe challenges and threats to sustainable social development and human health. Consequently， many municipal governments in China have successively promulgated policies to promote the implementation of waste sorting. Especially， sorted-waste collection， as an indispensable part of waste sorting， has attracted more attention from the academic community over recent years.In this paper， a novel multi-period sorted-waste collection routing optimization problem for multi-compartment vehicles （MPMCVRP） is proposed， with the objective of minimizing cost. Specially， the MPMCVRP takes into account the advantages of heterogeneous fleets and the difference in storage times between distinct wastes due to their unique properties， thereby making the route planning more realistic. To solve the proposed model， an extended two-stage adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm （EALNS） is developed. In the EALNS， a new period similarity operator is designed to adjust the waste collection period， and a new joint collection insertion operator is presented to optimize the within-period multi-compartment vehicle collection path.To confirm the effectiveness of the EALNS， it is compared with CPLEX on small-scale benchmarks， followed by comparison with the classical heuristic algorithms on medium- and large-scale benchmarks. Furthermore， a series of comparison experiments is implemented to demonstrate the significance of the MPMCVRP from the perspective of employing multi-compartment vehicles and multi-period joint planning. Finally， the proposed MPMCVRP and EALNS are used in a real case to confirm their practicability. In summary， a good foundation for further research is provided.