突发事件具有巨大的破坏性、不确定性，应急设施有可能失效，本文研究基于失效情景的应急设施选址评估指标体系与评估模型。首先基于定义的失效情景研究应急设施选址评估指标。构建全局性、可靠性、时效性、均衡性、经济性评估指标。可靠性作为重要评估指标有助于提高应急设施对需求区域的物资保障程度，保证系统的稳定性，采用多重覆盖率刻画。然后，设计具有不同侧重评估目标的一般情景评估指标体系、设施失效情景评估指标体系以及多区域情景评估指标体系。最后，由于应急设施选址评估具有多影响因素特征，涉及输入和输出多个指标的测度，选取处理多输入\多输出问题具有优势的评估方法—数据包络法，对应急设施选址的合理性进行评估。实例验证评估指标体系的实用性和有效性。
Because of the destructive power and uncertainty of emergencies, it is possible that the emergency facility will fail. System of evaluation indices and model of emergency facility location based on the facility failure scenarios are studied in this paper. At first, failure scenarios of emergency facility are defined. Evaluation indices of facility location are studied based on the definition of failure scenarios. The evaluation indices of global, efficiency, equilibrium, reliability and economy are defined. Multi-covering concept is used to present the reliability evaluation index. It is helpful to improve the material security degree of emergency resource for the demand region and the reliability of the emergency system. The system of general scenario evaluation indices, the system of facility failure scenario evaluation indices and the system of multi-region scenario evaluation indices, which have the different evaluation target-oriented, are designed in the end, the measure of more indices of input and output is involved in the emergency facility location generally. The data envelope analysis which is the predominant method to solve the problem of multiple inputs and multiple outputs is used to evaluate the rationality of emergency facility location.The computational experiment shows the practicability and validity of the proposed system of facility location evaluation indices.
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