关键词: 低碳供应链, 区块链, 合作减排, 绿色信任, 期间费用

Abstract: As the world’s largest carbon emitter, Chinese rapid socio-economic development has brought about a prominent carbon emission problem. To solve this problem, the carbon emission reduction behavior of enterprises is essential. Collaborative carbon reduction, as a necessary means to reduce carbon emissions in the supply chain, is an important method for enterprises to carry out carbon reduction. At the same time, it is difficult for suppliers and manufacturers to fully trust each other, the cost of cooperation is high, and the market is mixed with false marketing, making it difficult for consumers to identify low-carbon products. Blockchain technology can effectively solve the problem of information transfer and sharing among multiple entities, and improve the trust between transactions, bringing new ideas to solve the above problems. This paper focuses on the direction and magnitude of the impact of blockchain technology on the cooperative emission reduction strategy of low carbon supply chain, proposes the optimal blockchain technology adoption and emission reduction cooperative strategy for low carbon supply chain, and analyses the impact of consumers’ low-carbon preferences, blockchain trust parameters and cost parameters on the emission reduction and pricing decisions of supply chain systems. The supplier and manufacturer can choose whether to cooperate in carbon reduction and whether to adopt blockchain technology according to their circumstances. In this paper, four types of low carbon supply chain decision models are developed, namely individual decision on emission reduction rate without blockchain technology, cooperative decision on emission reduction rate without blockchain technology, individual decision on emission reduction rate with blockchain technology, and cooperative decision on emission reduction rate with blockchain technology. The solution is solved using the Stackelberg game model, where the supplier is the dominant player and the manufacturer is the follower. When blockchain technology is adopted in the supply chain, information between enterprises and consumers is symmetrical, consumers can fully grasp the low-carbon information of products, consumers have complete trust in low-carbon products, and blockchain can effectively reduce period costs through its smart execution and smart contract features, but the application of blockchain technology will also bring some usage costs. The study shows that regardless of whether blockchain technology is adopted, collaborative carbon reduction is an effective way for suppliers and manufacturers to improve their carbon reduction rates, but the impact of collaboration on profits is not always favorable and companies should choose wisely according to their value objectives. The green trust factor peaks when blockchain technology is chosen for adoption. The higher the green trust factor, the more beneficial it is to carbon reduction rates and profits, and when the impact factor of blockchain technology adoption by suppliers and manufacturers on period costs is less than a certain threshold, the unit reduction is higher when blockchain technology is adopted than when blockchain technology is not adopted. However, when the cost of using blockchain is higher than the threshold, the choice to use blockchain technology affects the profits of suppliers and manufacturers.

Key words: low carbon supply chain, blockchain, collaborative emissions reduction, green trust, period costs