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中国管理科学

中国管理科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (11): 179-190.doi: 10.16381/j.cnki.issn1003-207x.2019.0515

• 论文 • 上一篇    

无人零售业态下自动售卖机联合补货策略研究

曹裕1, 许容良1, 胡韩莉2, 李青松3   

  1. 1.中南大学商学院，湖南 长沙410083； 2.长沙理工大学经济与管理学院，湖南 长沙410114；3.中南林业科技大学物流与交通学院, 湖南 长沙410004
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-14 修回日期:2019-10-31 发布日期:2021-11-22
  • 通讯作者: 胡韩莉(1989—)，女(汉族)，湖南岳阳人，长沙理工大学经济与管理学，讲师，博士，研究方向：供应链质量管理，Email：hanxi8991@sina.com E-mail:hanxi8991@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(71972182，71802076)；湖南省杰出青年科学基金资助项目(2020JJ2051)；湖南省教育厅优秀青年基金资助项目(19B041，20B607)；中南大学创新驱动计划项目(2020CX050)

Joint Replenishment Strategy of Vending Machines in Unmanned Retail Industry

CAO Yu1, XU Rong-liang1, HU Han-li2, LI Qing-song1   

  1. 1. School of Business, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China;2. School of Economics & Management, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410014, China;3. School of Logistics and Transportation, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
  • Received:2019-04-14 Revised:2019-10-31 Published:2021-11-22
  • Contact: 胡韩莉 E-mail:hanxi8991@sina.com

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摘要： 研究无人零售业态下自动售卖机的多产品联合补货问题，建立由补货成本、库存持有成本、缺货成本构成的平均补货成本模型，分析容量约束与固定补货阈值下的最优补货策略。结果表明，企业会倾向于在剩余较少产品时进行补货，剩余的产品往往是投影面积最小使得相同面积可容纳最多数量的产品；比较最优补货时间与平均补货成本发现，延长补货时间可以降低平均补货成本，在补货阈值越大、固定补货成本越低或售卖机容量越小时，最优补货时间会降低，反之，平均补货成本会增加。此外，分析不同成本变动对平均成本的影响发现，单位成本变动均会引起平均补货成本的增加，且在单位库存持有成本变动时，最优补货策略会发生转移，向单位库存持有成本降低至一定程度的产品或向投影面积最低即相同面积可容纳数量最小的产品转移。

关键词: 无人零售；自动售卖机；联合补货策略；补货阈值

Abstract: With the upgrading of consumption and the increase in personalized demand, unmanned retail formats have gradually become the mainstream of China’s retail industry. The development of China’s unmanned retail industry is taken as the background, and a retail firm’s decision to replenish the vending machine is taken as a case to explore the problem of multi-product joint replenishment of the vending machine in the unmanned retail industry. The results show that companies tend to replenish when there are fewer products left. The remaining products are often the smallest projected area so that the same area can accommodate the largest number of products. Comparing the optimal replenishment time with the average replenishment cost found that extending the replenishment time can reduce the average replenishment cost. At the same time, it was found that when the replenishment threshold is larger, the fixed replenishment cost is lower, or the vending machine capacity is smaller, the optimal replenishment time will decrease, and when the replenishment threshold, fixed replenishment cost or vending machine capacity increases, the average replenishment costs will increase. Analyzing the impact of different cost changes on average costs, it is found that changes in unit costs will cause an increase in average replenishment costs. When the unit inventory holding cost changes, the optimal replenishment strategy will shift to products with a unit inventory holding cost reduced to a certain degree or to the product with the lowest projected area, that is, the smallest amount that can be accommodated in the same area. Through the research, it can provide a reference for the firm to select the product type of the vending machine, and provide a decision reference for the firm to determine the optimal replenishment time and quantity.

Key words: unmanned retail; vending machine; joint replenishment strategy; replenishment threshold

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